Spacing
Spacing refers to the systematic use of margins, padding, and whitespace throughout a design. It ensures that content has room to breathe, elements are visually separated or grouped appropriately, and layouts feel balanced. By defining a clear spacing scale and usage guidelines, you create a consistent and readable interface that improves the overall user experience.
Best practices
Use a Limited Set of Spacing Values
Stick to a small number of values (e.g., 8 common increments) to reduce complexity.
Too many spacing options can create visual inconsistency.
Document Spacing in Tokens
Store spacing values as design tokens (e.g., spacer-xs, spacer-sm, spacer-md) for easy reuse and updates.
Keep these tokens consistent across design tools and code.
Apply Spacing Intentionally
Resist the urge to adjust spacing on a case-by-case basis with arbitrary numbers.
Instead, choose the best matching token to maintain a consistent rhythm.
Consider Context
Larger typography or complex layouts may require slightly larger spacing tokens to look balanced.
Conversely, minimal or compact designs might prioritize smaller spacing values.
Check Accessibility & Readability
Adequate spacing helps users with motor or visual impairments to identify and tap/click elements accurately.
Overly cramped layouts can be challenging for all users, while excessive whitespace may reduce information density unnecessarily.
Iterate and Test
Preview designs on various screen sizes and devices to ensure spacing feels natural.
Gather feedback and refine your spacing guidelines over time.
Use consistent increments (e.g., 4px, 8px) and name them meaningfully (e.g., spacer-4, spacer-8) to maintain predictability in the design and code.
Summary
Spacing is an essential foundation for creating visually appealing, user-friendly interfaces. By defining a clear spacing scale, documenting tokens, and applying consistent margins and padding throughout your product, you establish a sense of order and harmony. Thoughtful spacing not only improves aesthetics but also enhances readability, accessibility, and overall usability, ensuring every page and component feels cohesive and balanced.
